Africanized bee

The Africanized bee, also known as the Africanized honey bee (AHB) and colloquially as the "killer bee", is a hybrid of the western honey bee (Apis mellifera), produced originally by crossbreeding of the African honey bee (A. m. scutellata) with various European honey bee subspecies such as the Italian honey bee (A. m. ligustica) and the Iberian honey bee (A. m. iberiensis). African honey bees were first introduced to Brazil in 1956 to increase honey production, but 26 swarms with their queens escaped from their experimental apiary in 1957. Since then, the hybrid has spread throughout South America and arrived in North America in 1985. Hives were found in southern Texas, United States, in 1990. Africanized honey bees are typically much more defensive, react to disturbances faster, and chase people farther than other varieties of honey bees, up to 400 m (1,300 ft). They have killed some 1,000 humans, with victims receiving 10 times more stings than from European honey bees. They have also killed horses and other animals.