Caffeine dependence

Caffeine dependence is substance dependence on caffeine. Conditions may include symptoms of tolerance, withdrawal, persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to control use, and continued use despite knowledge of adverse consequences attributed to caffeine. Such dependence can be physical, psychological, or both. Caffeine is a stimulant of the central nervous system (CNS). It is found naturally in coffee and tea, and can be added to food as an additive. Caffeinated beverages are drinks with natural or artificially added caffeine, such as caffeinated alcoholic beverages, energy drinks, and colas. Some pills, like pain relievers, also contain caffeine. A 2015 study found that 89 percent of adults in the U.S. consume on average 200 mg of caffeine daily, between 2001 and 2010. One area of concern that has been presented is the relationship between pregnancy and caffeine consumption, as repeated caffeine doses of 100 mg appeared to result in higher risk of low birth weight. The maximum daily recommended intake for caffeine is generally cited as 400 mg.