Cocaine dependence

Cocaine dependence is a neurological disorder characterized by withdrawal symptoms upon cessation of cocaine use. It often occurs alongside cocaine addiction, a biopsychosocial disorder characterized by persistent use of cocaine despite substantial harm. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) classifies problematic cocaine use as a stimulant use disorder. The 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) includes "Cocaine dependence" as a classification (diagnosis) under "Disorders due to use of cocaine". Cocaine use generally induces feelings of euphoria and increased energy. Adverse effects include mood swings, paranoia, insomnia, psychosis, high blood pressure, tachycardia, panic attacks, seizures that are extremely difficult to control, cognitive impairments, and drastic changes in personality. Overdoses can cause cardiovascular and brain damage, such as vasoconstriction in the brain, potentially resulting in a stroke; constricted arteries in the heart, potentially causing heart attacks; and status epilepticus. Symptoms of cocaine withdrawal range from moderate to severe and include dysphoria, depression, anxiety, decreased libido, weakness, pain, and cravings for cocaine.