Jia Chunwang

Jia Chunwang (simplified Chinese: 贾春旺; traditional Chinese: 賈春旺; pinyin: Jiǎ Chūnwàng; born May 1938) is a Chinese politician, intelligence officer, and prosecutor who held top positions in both the security apparatus and judiciary of the People's Republic of China. He served as Minister of State Security for 13 years (1985–1998), as Minister of Public Security (1998–2002) and finally as the procurator-general of the Supreme People's Procuratorate (2003–2008). The longest-serving Minister of State Security to date, he is also regarded as the most influential, greatly expanding the size, budget and capabilities of the MSS during a pivotal time, which saw tactical collaboration with the American Central Intelligence Agency in arming, training and funding Afghan guerrillas against the Soviets, the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, the end of the Cold War and the subsequent establishment of good relations with Russia, and the handover of Hong Kong from British to Chinese control.