Pan-African flag

The Pan-African flag (also known as the Afro-American flag, Black Liberation flag, UNIA flag, and various other names) is an ethnic flag representing Pan-Africanism, all peoples of Indigenous African descent, and/or black nationalism. A tri-color flag, it consists of three equal horizontal bands of (from top down) red, black, and green. August 17 - the birthday of Marcus Garvey, is celebrated as Universal African Flag Day. The flag was created as a response to racism against African Americans and because Marcus Garvey wanted to unify African Americans under a common flag. The colors and flag were inspired by the Liberty League of Negro Americans. The Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL) formally adopted it on August 13, 1920, in Article 39 of the Declaration of the Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World, during its month-long convention at Madison Square Garden in New York City. Variations of the flag can and have been used in various countries and territories in the Americas to represent Garveyist ideologies. Pan-African Flags follow two similar color sets: red, black, and green, inspired by the Black Liberation Flag; the second color set changes black to gold or yellow, to make the red, green, and gold color set. These two color sets dominate the flags of the African Continent.