Pride

Pride is a primary emotion characterized by a sense of security with one's identity, performance, and/or accomplishments. Depending on the context, pride may be viewed as either a virtue or a vice. Typically, pride arises from praise, independent self-reflection, or a fulfilled feeling of belonging. When viewed as a virtue, pride refers to a reasonable sense of one's worth, accomplishments and belonging. In this sense it is defined as synonymous with confidence, self-respect or magnanimity, and as the opposite of shame. It may encompass a sense of patriotism, national identity, regional identity, or other affiliations (e.g. proud to be a university alumnus). It can also be used by members of marginalized groups to signal a celebration of their unique cultural identity, such as in Black pride, Mad pride, or especially LGBTQ Pride movements. When depicted as a vice, pride may also be used to refer to foolhardiness, or an unearned, irrational sense of one's personal value, status, or accomplishments. Negative definitions of pride are synonymous with arrogance, vanity or hubris, and as the opposite of humility. It is in this sense that pride is interpreted in various theologies as one of the seven deadly sins. Despite their differences, the positive and negative definitions of pride share a nonverbal expression and evolutionary function.