Psychological Types

Psychological Types (German: Psychologische Typen) is a book by Carl Jung that was originally published in German by Rascher Verlag in 1921, and translated into English in 1923, becoming volume 6 of The Collected Works of C. G. Jung. It is the baseline of many personality typology systems, particularly Myers Briggs. In the book, Jung proposes four main functions of consciousness: two perceiving or non-rational functions (Sensation and Intuition), and two judging or rational functions (Thinking and Feeling). These functions are modified by two main attitude types: extraversion and introversion. Jung proposes that the dominant function, along with the dominant attitude, characterizes consciousness, while its opposite is repressed and characterizes the unconscious. Based on this, the eight principal psychological types are: Extraverted Sensation, and Introverted Sensation; Extraverted Intuition, and Introverted Intuition; Extraverted Thinking, and Introverted Thinking; Extraverted Feeling, and Introverted Feeling. Jung describes in detail the effects of tensions between the complexes associated with the dominant and inferior differentiating functions in highly and even extremely one-sided types.