Al Qasimi

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The Al Qasimi (Arabic: القاسمي, spelled sometimes as Al Qassimi or Al Qassemi; plural: Al Qawasem Arabic: القواسم and, archaically, Joasmee) is an Arab dynasty and tribe that rules Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah, today forming two of the seven emirates of the United Arab Emirates. They are one of the longest reigning royal families in the Arabian peninsula. Historically, they also controlled the town of Bandar Lengeh on the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf from 1779, when the Zand rulers formally recognised a Qasimi as local governor (farmandar), until 1887, when the Tehran government evicted them as part of its policy of reclaiming its Gulf littoral — the territory having always remained nominally under Iranian sovereignty rather than constituting an independent Qasimi domain. The Qawasem were a confederation of Sunni tribes in south eastern Gulf region surrounding the cities of Ras Al Khaimah and Sharjah. They were strong rivals of the Omani empire and pursued naval domination in the Persian Gulf. The British Empire branded the Qawasem as "pirates" and launched two major military raids against them in 1809 and 1819.