Corruption in Iraq

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Corruption in Iraq is pervasive at all levels of government. In 2021, President Barham Salih stated that US$150 billion of oil money had been stolen and smuggled out of Iraq in corrupt deals since the 2003 U.S. invasion. Endemic corruption pervades Iraq's oil and gas sectors, which still account for more than 99 percent of the country's exports and 85 percent of the government's budget. The Iraqi economy is predominantly a cash economy, making it almost impossible to trace the amount or the path the money follows. Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index scores 182 countries on a scale from 0 ("highly corrupt") to 100 ("very clean") and then ranks the countries by their score; the country ranked first is perceived to have the most honest public sector. From 2013 to 2025, the Corruption Perceptions Index indicated that the Iraqi public sector was seriously corrupt but improving: Iraq's score remained constant or rose every year, rising from 16 to 28 over the thirteen years. Its 2025 score of 28 ranked it 136th of 182 countries. For comparison with regional scores, the average score among Middle Eastern and North African countries was 39. The best score among Middle Eastern and North African countries was 69 and the worst score was 13. For comparison with worldwide scores, the average score was 42, the best score was 89 (ranked 1), and the worst score was 9 (ranked 181 in a two-way tie).