Ford Duratec V6 engine

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The Ford Duratec V6 is an aluminum-block, dual overhead cam V6 engine with a 60° bank angle and cast iron cylinder liners. It was introduced with the 1993 Ford Mondeo and used widely through 2012 in numerous vehicles by Ford's associates brands, including Mercury, Lincoln, Jaguar and Mazda. Ford's design brief outlined an engine for front-drive, transverse layouts that was short enough for an 11-metre turning radius and with class-leading performance, emissions, economy and durability, as well as reduced NVH. Interviewed at the time of the engine's U.S. launch in the Ford Contour, head of Ford's V6 program Bruce Coventry noted that Ford had turned to Porsche at a time when its engine development resources were stretched thin. Porsche had already completed the engine's early development, which explains its commonality with Porsche's engines of the period. Notably, the cylinder head design and the use of a main bearing ladder recall Porsche's V8 engine design for its 928. While the primary engineering was Porsche-derived, Ford licensed a high-integrity cylinder head manufacturing method from Cosworth. Specifically, this involved a sand casting process developed by noted scientist John Campbell, known as the Cosworth Casting Method. This technique used zircon as its casting aggregate. To improve material uniformity, the mold was preheated, cooled to achieve even temperatures, and rotated during casting. This process created dimensional accuracy, high strength, and a dense structure with low or no porosity . The Duratec's design was inspired by the variable intake system on Ford's 4.6-litre modular V8, which used dual intake ports that opened and closed to vary the effective inlet tract length. Due to this system, the torque on the early 2.5-litre variant of the US-market Contour varied by no more than five per cent from 1,500 rpm up to 5,200 rpm. Bruce Coventry said, “There won’t...