Handan Campaign

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Handan Campaign (Chinese: 邯郸战役), also known as Pinghan Campaign (平汉战役), short for Beiping-Hankou Campaign (北平汉口战役), is one of the largest clashes between Communist and Kuomintang (KMT) forces immediately after the end of World War II. It resulted in Communist victory. During the Shangdang Campaign, Communist units of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region succeeded in taking control over a 200 km section of the railway from Beijing to Hankou, and the adjacent regions along this section. The Kuomintang was determined to dislodge the Communists from their newly gained territory and planned an offensive that would significantly boost the KMT's bargaining chips in peace negotiations. Their plan aimed to bring the Communist-occupied territory in northern China firmly back under their control and secure passage to northeast China. The commander of the 40th Army, Ma Fawu, was also the commander-in-chief of the 11th War Zone, while the commander of the New 8th Army, Gao Shuxun, was also the deputy commander-in-chief of the 11th War Zone, and they were in charge of the entire operation. The KMT deployed around 145,000 troops in two echelons. The first echelon was planned to strike northward from Xinxiang. It consisted of three armies divided from the 11th War Zone between two fronts: the left front consisted of the New 8th Army and the 30th Army, while the right front consisted of the 40th Army and the 9th Combat Engineering Regiment. The second echelon also consisted of two fronts.