Khalifa Sultan

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Seyyed Alauddin Hossein (Persian: سید علاء الدین حسین; c.1592 – 5 March 1654), better known as Khalifeh Soltan (خلیفه سلطان), and also known as Soltan al-Ulama (سلطان‌العلماء آملی), was an Iranian statesman and cleric, who served as the grand vizier of the Safavid king (shah) Abbas I (r. 1588–1629), the latter's grandson Safi (r. 1629–1642), and Abbas II (r. 1642–1666). A member of a prominent Seyyed family with origins in the royal Marashi family of Mazandaran, Khalifeh Soltan was a well-educated man of letters, who played an important role in the Iranian clergy affairs, and also later in the Safavid administration, when he was appointed as grand vizier in 1623/4. He was, however, in 1632, disgraced and exiled by the ruthless newly crowned shah Safi. Later, in 1645, Khalifeh Soltan was re-appointed as grand vizier by the latter's son and successor, Abbas II, whom he became a close companion of, and gained considerable influence. Khalifeh Soltan later died on 5 March 1654 in his ancestral homeland of Mazandaran due to illness, and was succeeded by Mohammad Beg.