Korean Chinese

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Korean Chinese are Chinese citizens of Korean descent, who account for the vast majority of ethnic Koreans in China. The official term used in the People's Republic of China is Chaoxianzu (Chinese: 朝鲜族; Korean: 조선족; RR: Joseonjok, lit. "Joseon ethnicity"), a term that is used only occasionally outside of China. They are one of the 56 officially recognized ethnic groups by the Government of China and the Chinese Communist Party, and the 15th-largest ethnic minority in China according to the 2020 census. In South Korea, they are referred as "compatriots with Chinese nationality" (Korean: 중국국적동포; Chinese: 中国国籍同胞). Most Korean Chinese are descendants of migrants from the Korean Peninsula who settled in Manchuria primarily between the late 19th and mid-20th centuries, especially during the famine in North Hamgyong in 1869–1870, after the Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910 and after the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. Many Koreans in Manchuria, both native descendants of prior immigrants and new refugees fleeing the Japanese-ruled home country, joined the Northeast Counter-Japanese United Army in guerilla warfare against the Japanese Kwantung Army and the puppet state of Manchukuo, among them a young Kim Il Sung, who later became the supreme leader of North Korea. After the Japanese defeat and end of the Second World War, some of the Korean migrants chose to stay and acquired Chinese citizenship, forming their own communities in various settlements in Northeast China, especially in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture and Changbai Korean Autonomous County in Jilin province. Consequently, Korean Chinese have a dual identity: a national identity as Chinese and a cultural identity as Koreans. Many Korean Chinese, educated under China's education system, often view the Korean War as an anti-imperialist struggle to "Resist America and Aid Korea", reflecting the official Chinese narrative.