Nusrat Bhutto

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Begum Nusrat Bhutto (née Ispahani; 23 March 1929 – 23 October 2011) was an Iranian–Pakistani public figure and politician who served as the First Lady of Pakistan from 1971 to 1977 as the wife of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who served as the country's president and prime minister. She led the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) from her husband's execution in 1979 to 1984 when their daughter Benazir Bhutto succeeded her. She also served as the first Senior Minister of Pakistan from 1988 to 1990 under Benazir's government. She was born in Isfahan, Iran to a wealthy merchant family of Kurdish heritage and her family had settled in Bombay before moving to Karachi after the Partition of British India. Ispahani joined a paramilitary women's force in 1950, but left a year later when she married Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. She moved to Oxfordshire in England with her husband who then was pursuing his legal education. She returned to Pakistan alongside Bhutto who went on to serve as the Foreign Minister. After her husband founded the Pakistan Peoples Party, Ispahani worked to lead the party's women's wing. After Bhutto was elected as the Prime Minister in 1971, Ispahani became the First Lady of Pakistan and remained so until her husband's removal in 1977. Her daughter, Benazir Bhutto immediately succeeded her husband as the leader of the Pakistan Peoples party. While under house arrest, Ispahani fought an unsuccessful legal battle to prevent her husband's execution. After Bhutto's execution, Ispahani, along with her children, went into exile to London, from where in 1981 she co-founded the Movement for the Restoration of Democracy, a non-violent opposition to Zia's regime. Ispahani returned to Pakistan after her daughter Benazir made a comeback in 1986. After the People's Party's victory in 1988, she joined Benazir's cabinet as a minister without...