protozoosis

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Protozoan infections are parasitic diseases caused by organisms formerly classified in the kingdom Protozoa. These organisms are now classified in the supergroups Excavata, Amoebozoa, Harosa (SAR supergroup), and Archaeplastida. Species classified as "protozoa" are eukaryotic organisms that are usually unicellular and motile, but they are not closely related to one another. While the terms protozoan and protist are usually discouraged in modern biosciences, this terminology is still encountered in medicine due to the conservative character of medical classification and the necessity of classifying organisms based on morphology. Protozoan infections are usually transmitted either by an insect vector or by contact with an infected substance or surface. Protozoans are responsible for diseases affecting a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and some marine life. Many of the most prevalent and deadly human diseases are caused by a protozoan infection, including African sleeping sickness, amoebic dysentery, and malaria. Protists are an artificial, polyphyletic grouping of over 64,000 different single-celled life forms, making them difficult to define due to their extreme uniqueness. This means that it is difficult to define protists due to their extreme differences and uniqueness. They grow in a wide variety of moist habitats and a majority of them are free-living organisms. In these moist environments, plankton and terrestrial forms can also be found. Protozoa are a subgroup of protists that obtain nutrients by breaking down organic compounds, either by decomposing dead organic matter, absorbing soluble products, or absorbing nutrients by phagocytosis. Encystment occurs when a protist becomes a dormant cyst with a cell wall; during encystment, the cyst has decreased complexity and metabolic activity relative to the protist. Encystment protects the protist from environmental changes; the cyst can complete nuclear reorganization and cell division, and it can act as a host cell in order to transfer parasitic species....