Raja Dahir

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Raja Dahir (663 – 20 June 712) was the last maharaja of Sindh during 695–712 CE. A Brahmin ruler, his kingdom was invaded in 711 by the Arab Umayyad Caliphate, led by Muhammad ibn al-Qasim, fighting against which Dahir was killed. According to the Chachnama, the Umayyad campaign against Dahir was launched due to a pirate raid off the Sindh coast by the Bawarij that resulted in gifts to the Umayyad caliph from the king of Serendib being stolen. Dahir was born in 663 into the Chach dynasty, which was deeply rooted in the Hindu traditions and governance. His father, Chach of Aror, who ruled from 631 to 671, was a Brahmin who ascended to the throne after marrying the widowed Queen Suhandi. This event established the Chach dynasty, which would rule Sindh for nearly a century. He won two battles, but was killed in the final Battle of Aror. His death took place at the banks of the Indus River near modern-day Nawabshah at the hands of Muhammad ibn al-Qasim.