Baburides

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The Mughal dynasty (Persian: دودمان مغل, romanized: Dūdmān-i-Muġal) or the House of Babur (Persian: خاندانِ آلِ بابُر, romanized: Xāndān-i-Āl-i-Bābur), was a branch of the Timurid dynasty that ruled South Asia and other territories spanning from inner Persia to the borders of China, including present-day regions of Afghanistan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Iran, Iraq, northern India, and Burma, as a unified Empire of the Mughals. Founded in 1526 by Babur, the Mughals reigned over South Asia and parts of the Middle East until the early 18th century, thereafter continuing their roles as imperial suzerains until 1857. At the dynasty’s height under Akbar the Great in the 16th and early 17th centuries, the Mughal Empire was one of the largest empires in history and the richest in the world. Later commanding the world’s largest military under Emperor Aurangzeb, the Mughal dynasty was the dominant force in Asia. The Mughals trace their origins from the imperial branches of the Barlas and Borjigin clans which ruled the Mongol Empire and its successor states. Emperor Babur himself (b. 1483) was a direct descendant of the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur (1336–1405) on his father's side, and of Mongol emperor Genghis Khan on his mother's side. Later descendants genealogically held Safavid Persian and noble Indian heritage as well, since Mughal Royals often pursued marriage alliances with prominent houses throughout Persia and India. Throughout most of the Mughal dynasty's history, the throne of the Mughal Empire was continuously occupied by a singular Emperor who functioned as the absolute head of state, government, and military. Largely secular, the Mughal Court saw communal ceremonies that included prominent Maratha, Rajput, and Sikh leaders alongside Muslim elites; all acknowledging the Emperor as the sole sovreign of the subcontinent and the Indian Ocean. Later in the dynasty’s history, much of the power shifted to the office...