Capture the flag (cybersecurity)

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In computer security, Capture the Flag (CTF) is an exercise in which participants attempt to find text strings, called "flags", hidden in intentionally vulnerable programs, websites, devices, or other systems. CTFs are used for competitive and educational purposes. In the two most common formats, participants either solve stand-alone challenges provided by the organizers (jeopardy-style CTFs) or defend their own systems while attempting to steal flags from other participants (attack-defense CTFs). Mixed competitions combine elements of both formats. Competitions may be held online or in person, may include hardware and physical-security tasks, and may be designed for beginners or experienced participants. The name is derived from the outdoor game of the same name. CTFs are widely used to develop, practice, and assess cybersecurity skills in academic, professional, and recreational settings.