Combats de Cagayan

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The Cagayan battles (Combates de Cagayán in Spanish, カガヤンの戦い Kagayan no Tatakai in Japanese) occurred in 1582 between amphibious forces of the Spanish Philippines, led by Juan Pablo de Carrión, and Japanese wokou pirates, led by Tay Fusa, possibly identified with Naya Sukezaemon. The pirates had build a settlement near the Cagayan river, which the Spanish were ordered to assault. Although severely outnumbered, the Spanish defeated the wokou and forced them to abandon the island. Carrión later built the city of Nueva Segovia, now Lal-lo, in one of the placements of the battle. The battles became a source of controversy in popular culture after they became known in the 21st century. They are usually described as a clash between Japanese samurai and Spanish tercio soldiers, two highly regarded fighting forces, despite in reality it featured neither samurai nor tercios. The battles largely pitted Asian pirates, of which only a part were Japanese ronin, against Spanish mestizo and Filipino fighters. It was the second time the Spanish clashed against Japanese, the first being the 1574 Battle of Manila, where a large Sino-Japanese wokou army was defeated. As in the first, the Spanish prevailed thanks to superior weaponry and training.