Human-centered design

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Human-centered design, as used in ISO standards, is an approach to problem-solving commonly used in process, product, service and system design, management, and engineering frameworks that develops solutions to problems by involving the human perspective in all steps of the problem-solving process. The approach seeks to develop solutions that are useful, usable, and responsive to the needs, behaviors, and contexts of the people affected by them. Human involvement typically takes place in initially observing the problem within context, brainstorming, conceptualizing, developing concepts and implementing the solution. Human-centered design is an approach to interactive systems development that aims to make systems usable and useful by focusing on the users, their needs and requirements, and by applying human factors/ergonomics, and usability knowledge and techniques. This approach enhances effectiveness and efficiency, improves human well-being, user satisfaction, accessibility and sustainability; and counteracts possible adverse effects of use on human health, safety and performance. Human-centered design builds upon participatory action research by moving beyond participants' involvement and producing solutions to problems rather than solely documenting them. Initial stages usually revolve around immersion, observing, and contextual framing— in which innovators immerse themselves in the problem and community. Subsequent stages may then focus on community brainstorming, modeling and prototyping and implementation in community spaces. Human-centered design can be seen as a philosophy that focuses on analyzing the needs of the user through extensive research. User-oriented design is capable of driving innovation and encourages the practice of iterative design, which can create small improvements in existing products and newer products, thus giving room for the potential to transform markets.