Kazakhization

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Kazakhization or Kazakhisation (Kazakh: Қазақтандыру, romanized: Qazaqtandyru, pronounced [qɑ.zɑq.tɑn.dəˈrʊ]) refers to a series of policies and movements aimed at reviving and promoting Kazakh culture, language, and identity in Kazakhstan, especially following its independence from the Soviet Union. In recent years, there has been a growing self-awareness among Kazakhs regarding their national identity, with discussions surrounding the Kazakh language, historical narratives, and issues of famine and genocide becoming prominent. This renewed interest is accompanied by an official language policy that influences identity construction among the Kazakh population. However, the Kazakhization process has encountered obstacles, such as the widespread use of foreign languages instead of the state language by many citizens, and the complex demographic makeup of the country, which includes a large Russian-speaking population.