monde anglophone

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The English-speaking world comprises the 88 countries and territories in which English is an official, administrative, or cultural language. In the 2000s, between one and two billion people spoke English, making it the largest language by number of speakers, the third largest language by number of native speakers and the most widespread language geographically. The countries in which English is the native language of most people are sometimes termed the Anglosphere. Speakers of English are called Anglophones. Early Medieval England was the birthplace of the English language; the modern form of the language has been spread around the world since the 17th century, first by the worldwide influence of England and later the United Kingdom, and then by that of the United States. Through all types of printed and electronic media of these countries, English has become the leading language of international discourse and the lingua franca in many regions and professional fields, such as science, navigation and law. According to Ethnologue, as of 2025, the United States and India have the most total English speakers, with 319 million and 276 million, respectively. These are followed by Pakistan (112 million), the United Kingdom (65 million), and Nigeria (62 million). Including people who speak English as a second language, estimates of the total number of Anglophones vary from 1.5 billion to 2 billion. As of 2022, there were about 400 million native speakers of English. David Crystal calculated in 2003 that non-native speakers outnumbered native speakers by a ratio of three to one. Besides the major varieties of English—American, British, Canadian, Australian, South Africa, Irish, New Zealand English—and their sub-varieties, countries such as India, Nigeria, the Philippines, Singapore, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago also have millions of native speakers of dialect continua ranging from English-based creole languages to Standard English. Other...