Razakars

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The Razakars were a paramilitary wing of the Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (MIM; transl. Council for Muslim Unity), an Islamic political party in the Hyderabad princely state of British India. Formed in 1938 by MIM leader Bahadur Yar Jung, the organisation expanded considerably during the leadership of Qasim Razvi around the time of the partition of India. Its primary objective was to maintain the rule of the Muslim Nizams of Hyderabad and prevent the accession of Hyderabad to India. One of the pretexts for Operation Polo by India which led to its annexation of Hyderabad was the refusal by the Nizam to disband the Razakars. The Razakars were the main resistance to the Indian Army during the operation. After they were defeated, the Nizam surrendered and agreed to disband the Razakars. Qasim Razvi was initially jailed and then allowed to move to Pakistan where he was granted asylum. They were involved in various human right abuses and committed atrocities including mass killings, rapes and looting of villages, against the Hindu majority (which overwhelmingly favored Hyderabad's accession with India), and against participants of the Telangana Rebellion.