Songseogwon

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Songseogwon (松石園) is the place name for the area around lot 47, Ogin-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul. The Ongnyudong Valley flowing down from Inwangsan ran through this area, and its outstanding scenery made it a popular destination for yangban and jungin from the mid-Joseon period. In particular, the jungin class led a Wihanng literature movement here: when Cheon Su-gyeong built a house called Songseogwon beside the Ongnyudong Valley and hosted poetry gatherings there, the Okgye Poetry Society (also called the Songseogwon Poetry Society) centered on him became widely celebrated. Following the flourishing of the Songseogwon Poetry Society, the name of the area came to be called Songseogwon rather than Okgye (玉溪), the earlier name for the Ongnyudong Valley. After Cheon Su-gyeong's death, ownership of Songseogwon changed hands several times—passing through the Shin Andong Kim clan (known as the Jangdong Kims) and the Yeoheung Min clan—before Yun Deok-yeong came to possess Songseogwon around 1910. Yun Deok-yeong purchased more than half the land in Ogin-dong during the Japanese colonial period and built a mansion called Byeoksusanjang (碧樹山莊) on the Songseogwon site, centered on a French-style Western building known as the Yang-gwan (洋館). The Yang-gwan served as the headquarters of the United Nations Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea before and after the Korean War, was destroyed by fire in 1966, and was demolished in 1973. After liberation, many houses were built around the Ongnyudong Valley, and residents still refer to the area as Songseogwon.