Sudjojono

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Sindudarsono Sudjojono (1913 – 25 April 1986), more commonly known as S. Sudjojono, was an Indonesian painter considered a "founder of the Indonesian modern art movement". Born to a poor family in Kisaran, North Sumatra, Sudjojono was adopted by a teacher at a young age and provided schooling. Interested in art from his youth, in the 1920s he began to learn under established artists such as Mas Pirngadi. In the late 1930s, Sudjojono rejected the conventions of contemporary Indonesian painting—what he called "Beautiful Indies" (Mooi Indië)—in favour of a socialist realism that drew from European expressionism. He advocated this new style of painting through several organizations, including the Indonesian Painters Association (1938–1942) and Young Artists of Indonesia (1946–1959). Considered one of Indonesia's leading painters by the 1950s, Sudjojono was elected to parliament with the Communist Party of Indonesia in 1955 and was a member of the party's cultural wing. In 1958, however, he left the party over his extramarital affair with Rose Pandanwangi. In his later years, Sudjojono continued to paint. He wrote his memoirs in 1983, dying three years later to lung cancer. Sudjojono experimented with different styles over the years, with his paintings from the 1950s putting greater emphasis on photorealism. His best received works are those produced from the 1930s through the 1940s, with the American art historian Claire Holt describing his later works as having lost "his freshness in form and feeling". His writings on art have been considered foundational in Indonesia's art canon. Works by Sudjojono have been exhibited extensively in Indonesia and in Singapore.