Tie Xuan

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Tie Xuan (Chinese: 铁铉; 1366–1402), courtesy name Dingshi (鼎石), was a Chinese politician during the Ming dynasty. born in Dengzhou, Henan during the Yuan dynasty to a Semu Hui family, he served as a loyal officer to the deposed Ming dynasty emperor Jianwen. During the Jingnan campaign, when the Prince of Yan Zhu Di (later the Yongle Emperor) rebelled against his nephew, the Jianwen Emperor, Tie Xuan refused to support Zhu Di. Following the fall of Nanjing and the Jianwen Emperor's disappearance, Zhu Di sentenced Tie Xuan to death by having his limbs torn off and fried in oil. Later generations honored him for his unyielding loyalty. In various regions of China, temples are set up in Tie's honor to offer rituals to him. In the Southern Ming period, he was honored with the title of Grand Protector (太保) and given the posthumous name Zhongxiang (忠襄), meaning loyal assistant. Later, during Qianlong's reign in the Qing dynasty, he was given the posthumous name Zhongding (忠定).