Yang Chengwu

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Yang Chengwu (simplified Chinese: 杨成武; traditional Chinese: 楊成武; pinyin: Yáng Chéngwǔ; October 27, 1914 – February 14, 2004), alias Yang Nengjun (Chinese: 杨能俊; pinyin: Yáng Néngjùn) was a Communist Chinese revolutionary and general of the People's Liberation Army. He was the Deputy Chief of General Staff of the People's Liberation Army from 1954 to 1965 and 1974–1980. He was named Acting Chief of General Staff in 1966 after Luo Ruiqing was purged at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution. Yang was born in Changting County, Fujian Province of China on October 8, 1914. He died on February 14, 2004, in Beijing, at the age of 90. As deputy chief in early 1964, Yang commissioned a report which evaluated how prepared the national economy was for a sudden attack by foreign foes. The report evaluated the distribution of Chinese industry, noted that they were primarily concentrated in 14 major coastal cities which were vulnerable to nuclear attack or air raids, and recommended that the General Staff research measures to guard against a sudden attack. The report was issued on April 25, 1964, and read by Mao Zedong the next month. This evaluation prompted Mao to advocate for the creation of a heavy industrial zone as a safe haven for retreat in the event of foreign invasion during State Planning Meetings, consistent with his view of the necessity for building constructing the Third Front. In March 1968, Lin Biao and the rest of the Gang of Four accused Yang, Yu Lijian (second secretary of the Party Committee of the Air Force), and Fu Chongbi (commander of the Beijing garrison) of "overturning the case of the February Countercurrent." This event became known as the "Yang, Yu, Fu Incident." Based on allegations later deemed by the Party to be false, the Gang of Four...