Chiangism

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Chiangism (Chinese: 蔣介石主義; pinyin: Jiǎng Jièshí zhǔyì; Wade–Giles: Chiang3 Chieh4-shih2 chu3i4), also known as the Political Philosophy of Chiang Kai-shek (Chinese: 蔣介石的學說; pinyin: Jiǎng Jièshí de xuéshuō; Wade–Giles: Chiang3 Chieh4-shih2 ti4 hsüeh2shuo1), or Chiang Kai-shek Thought, is the political philosophy of President Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, who used it during his rule in China under the Kuomintang on both the mainland and Taiwan. It is a right-wing authoritarian nationalist and conservative ideology based on mostly Tridemist principles mixed with Confucianism. It was primarily practiced as part of the New Life Movement, as well as the Chinese Cultural Renaissance movement. It was influenced by other political ideologies, including socialism, ultranationalism, Georgism and paternalistic conservatism. Chiang's Methodist Christian beliefs also played a role in shaping his ideology. Chiangism opposed feudalism, communism, and imperialism while promoting ideals of a unified Chinese national identity. It was initially influenced by socialism but became increasingly aligned with authoritarian capitalism after 1955. The extent of fascist influence on Chiang is debated among scholars. Chiangism was largely diminished in mainland China by the Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries of the communists and began to wane at the start of democratization in Taiwan.