Dead or Alive

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Dead or Alive (Japanese: DEAD OR ALIVE(デッド オア アライブ), Hepburn: Deddo oa Araibu; abbreviated as DOA) is a Japanese media franchise centered on a series of fighting games developed by Team Ninja and published by Koei Tecmo (formerly Tecmo). The gameplay of the series is primarily composed of fast-paced hand-to-hand combat in a three-dimensional playing field that began with the first game released in 1996, followed by five main sequels, numerous updates, spin-offs, printed media, a film adaptation, and merchandise. Set in the modern day, the series revolves around the events of the Dead or Alive World Combat Championship, an international martial arts tournament in which fighters from across the globe participate for the title of world champion and large cash prizes. The tournaments are held by the Dead or Alive Tournament Executive Committee (DOATEC). The conflict between the ninja competitors and DOATEC's personnel serves as the main focus of the series. Dead or Alive has been a critical and commercial success, praised for its impressive fighting system, beautiful graphics, and interactive environments. The franchise has received numerous awards and accolades. Its sequels such as Dead or Alive 2 and Dead or Alive 3 received universal acclaim and are considered milestone titles in the fighting genre and gaming. It has also gained notoriety, both positive and negative, for its sexualised female characters. Several characters of the series have made appearances and are referenced in other games while several games of the series have also been featured and referenced in other media. Dead or Alive's success sparked a renewal interest in Tecmo's Ninja Gaiden series. As of 2026, the franchise has sold over 11 million units worldwide. The franchise sales and free-to-play downloads combined totaled over 31 million units.