Endometrioma

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Endometrioma (also called chocolate cyst) is the presence of tissue similar to, but distinct from, the endometrium—the lining of the uterus (womb)—in and sometimes on the ovary. It is the most common form of endometriosis. Endometrioma is found in 17–44% patients with endometriosis. More broadly, endometriosis is the presence of tissue similar to, but distinct from, endometrial tissue located outside the uterus. The presence of endometriosis can result in the formation of scar tissue, adhesions and an inflammatory reaction. Endometriomas are usually benign growths, most often found in the ovary. They form dark, fluid-filled cysts, which can vary greatly in size. The fluid inside the cysts is thick, dark, old blood that resembles the color of chocolate, giving it the name chocolate cyst. It can also develop in the cul-de-sac (the space behind the uterus), the surface of the uterus, and between the vagina and rectum.