Ernakulam district

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Ernakulam district (IPA: [erɐɳɐːguɭɐm] ; ISO: Eṟaṇākuḷaṁ) is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala, and takes its name from the eponymous city division in Kochi. It is situated in the central part of the state, spans an area of about 2,408 km2 (930 sq mi), and is home to over 9% of Kerala's population. Ernakulam is the third most populous district in Kerala with its headquarters located at Kakkanad. The district's principal urban centre is Kochi, which is known as the commercial and financial capital of Kerala. Ernakulam district was formed on 1 April 1958 as part of the reorganisation of districts in Kerala, with its territory initially comprising parts of the erstwhile Thrissur and Kottayam districts. It includes the most populous metropolitan region of the state, the Kochi metropolitan area. Ernakulam district yields the highest revenue and the largest number of industries in the state. It is the most urbanised district in Kerala, with approximately 68.1% of its population living in urban areas as per the 2011 census. The district also hosts the highest number of international and domestic tourists in the state. Ernakulam was the first fully literate district in India, achieving a 100% literacy rate in 1990. The most commonly spoken language is Malayalam. English is widely used, mostly in business circles. Ernakulam became India's first district to have 100 percent banking or full "meaningful financial inclusion" in 2012. It has a high Human Development Index of 0.801 (UNDP report 2005), which is one of the highest in India and the highest in Kerala.