Frontiers

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Frontiers Media SA is a publisher of peer-reviewed, open access, scientific journals currently active in science, technology, and medicine. It was founded in 2007 by Kamila and Henry Markram. Frontiers is based in Lausanne, Switzerland, with offices in the United Kingdom, Spain, and China. In 2022, Frontiers employed more than 1,400 people, across 14 countries. All Frontiers journals are published under a Creative Commons Attribution License. The quality of editorial rigour at Frontiers journals has been the subject of serious scrutiny. In 2015, Frontiers Media was classified as a possible predatory publisher by Jeffrey Beall, though Beall's list was taken offline two years later after Frontiers applied pressure to Beall's employer, the University of Colorado, in a decision that remains controversial. As of 2022, 96 Frontiers journals are listed in the Norwegian Scientific Index, of which 2 have a rating of "level 2" (top 20% of all journals in their field), over 88 have a rating of "level 1" (standard academic), one has a rating of level X (possibly predatory), and five have a rating of "level 0" (not academic). In 2022, various Swiss authors and institutions had a national publishing agreement with Frontiers through the Consortium of Swiss Academic Libraries (CSAL).