Fully Integrated Robotised Engine

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The FIRE (for "Fully Integrated Robotised Engine") is a series of automobile engines from Fiat Powertrain Technologies, built in FCA's Termoli, Betim and also in Dundee, MI (only in 1.4 Multiair versions) plants. It was designed by Italian designer Rodolfo Bonetto. It was constructed by robot assembly plants ("Robogate") to reduce costs. The FIRE series replaced the old Fiat 100 series overhead valve engines in the mid-1980s. Mechanically, they are simple straight-four engines with five main bearings crankshaft and overhead cam heads. The original 999 cc version consists of only 273 separate parts (95 less than the 903 cc 100 series) and weighs 69 kg (152 lb), 9 kg (20 lb) less than the 100 series. Since 1985, it has been constructed in different versions. Displacements range from 0.8 to 1.4 L; 46.9 to 83.5 cu in (769 to 1,368 cc). In addition to the 8 valve versions, there are "Super-FIRE" 1.2 and 1.4 L; 75.8 and 83.5 cu in (1,242 and 1,368 cc) 16 valve versions. The "Super-FIRE" which uses 16 valves and was available in 1.0 L; 61.0 cu in (999 cc) (Brazil) and 1.2 L; 75.8 cu in (1,242 cc) (Brazil & Europe) displacements. The 1.4 L; 83.5 cu in (1,368 cc) variation introduced in 2003 was available in both 8 and 16 valves. In 2005 Fiat introduced a version of the 16v incorporating port deactivation (PDA) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). This unit is frequently referred to as the "StarJet" engine. One year later, a turbocharged variety of the StarJet was introduced under the name "T-Jet", and a MultiAir (adding electro-hydraulic intake valve driving, with variable timing, lift and profile) version was added in 2009, available in either naturally aspirated and turbocharged forms. It reached 190 PS on the Abarth 695 Biposto. The FIRE was originally...