IBM Wheelwriter

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The Wheelwriter is a line of electronic typewriters that was manufactured by International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) from 1984 to 1991 and by Lexmark International (a spin-off of IBM) from 1991 to 2001. Typewriters in the Wheelwriter series use swappable daisy wheel cartridges to produce high-quality letterforms on the page via an ink ribbon and an impact printing head. Cartridges can be swapped out to allow the user to switch between a wide array of typefaces. The Wheelwriter was IBM's first daisy wheel typewriter and represented the technical apex of IBM's typewriter families, replacing their long-lived and commercially successful IBM Selectric typewriter series on its introduction in 1984. All models in the Wheelwriter range possess some amount of electronic memory, acting as a data buffer and allowing for a number of advanced features, including algorithmic centering of text on a line, basic spell-checking, and word-by-word erasure of text (either via white correction ribbon or via lift-off adhesive correction ribbon), among other features. The Wheelwriter can print in 10, 12, or 15 pitch monospaced fonts. All models except the Wheelwriter 3 and Actionwriter can use proportionally spaced print wheels. The Wheelwriter is an electronic typewriter, meaning the keyboard is in no way mechanically linked to the printing function. The previous generation Selectric is an electrically assisted mechanical typewriter, relying on a single electric motor to power what can be considered a mechanical computer. The Wheelwriter is a keyboard and daisy wheel printer linked by a computer designed for typing Because of the drastically reduced number of moving parts, the Wheelwriter was considered by IBM engineers to be much more reliable and required less servicing than the Selectric.