Joseph Polowsky

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Joseph "Joe" Polowsky (October 2, 1916 – October 17, 1983) was an American soldier who with others met Soviet troops on the banks of Elbe River on April 25, 1945, and later became an anti-war activist. Polowsky was born Chicago, Illinois. Polowsky was the youngest son of Jewish immigrants who had immigrated from the Kiev area in the Russian Empire to the United States and attended the University of Chicago. Polowsky worked first as a conductor and bus driver for the Chicago Transit Authority, then as a taxi driver for the Checker Cab Company in Chicago. During World War II, he was conscripted and served in the 69th Infantry Division. He belonged to a scouting party which crossed the Elbe in Torgau on April 25, 1945, and met Soviet troops on the other bank. Polowsky, who knew the Russian language, served to translate between the two groups. The Americans and the Soviets saw bodies of German civilians killed by stray artillery fire near the river. To his horror, Polowsky saw a dead girl, about five or six years old, clutching a doll in one hand and clinging to her dead mother with her other hand. The soldiers of both armies swore to do everything to prevent a new war.