Kho Ping Hoo

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Kho Ping Hoo (1926 – 22 July 1994), also known as Asmaraman Sukowati, was a Chinese Indonesian author of fiction. He mostly wrote martial arts stories inspired by the wuxia genre and set in historical China and Indonesia, but also produced romances and detective stories. Born in Sragen to a sugar broker, Kho spent much of his early life as an itinerant worker. In the 1950s, following some time at a refugee camp, Kho settled in Tasikmalaya. Having read extensively, he began writing short stories and established a literary magazine. For the latter, he began work on his first serial, Pek Liong Po Kiam: Pedang Pusaka Naga Putih ('The Heirloom Sword White Dragon', 1959). As Kho continued to write, he purchased a printing press and, after moving to Surakarta in 1963, established the Gema Publishing House. Kho continued to write, producing several volumes per month, which were distributed to lending libraries and book stalls throughout Indonesia. Having experienced racially motivated violence on several occasions, he promoted the assimilation of Chinese Indonesians and their intermarriage with the indigenous population. By the time of his death, Kho had produced more than 130 titles. Most were published in monthly installments, with an average of thirty-five volumes per title. Kho wrote almost exclusively in Indonesian, though he used Hokkien loan words and published one title in Javanese. Aside from one, his stories were original works that drew on the corpus of Indonesian-language translations of Chinese wuxia novels as well as imported films from Hong Kong and Taiwan. His martial arts fiction was mostly set in historical China and Indonesia, with their main characters primarily warrior aristocrats who left the court in search of excitement, knowledge, or vengeance. His novels were adapted to comics, film, radio, stage, and television, and influenced numerous writers both within...