Li Yixing

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Li Yixing (Chinese: 李彝興; died October 20, 967), né Li Yiyin (李彝殷), noble title Prince of Xia (夏王), was an ethnic Tangut warlord who ruled Dingnan Circuit (headquartered in modern-day Yulin, Shaanxi) from 935 to his death in 967, as its military governor (Jiedushi). Despite his de facto independence, he nominally submitted to the Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han, Later Zhou, and Northern Song dynasties. It is not known when Li Yiyin was born. It is known that he was a son of Li Renfu, who ruled Dingnan Circuit as military governor from 909/910 to 933, and a brother of Li Yichao, who ruled the circuit as military governor from 933 to 935, but it is not clear whether he was an older brother to Li Yichao (as asserted by the Zizhi Tongjian) or a younger brother (as asserted by the Old History of the Five Dynasties, the New History of the Five Dynasties, and the History of Song). If he were an older brother, then he might have been the Dingnan general referred to in historical records by the nickname of "Prince Aluo" (阿囉王) in 933, when Li Yichao resisted Later Tang's attempt to dislodge him from Dingnan, as Li Yichao was said to be Li Renfu's second son. In any case, during Li Yichao's rule, Li Yiyin served as the commander of the Dingnan army (行軍司馬, Xingjun Sima). When Li Yichao fell ill in 935, he transferred his authorities to Li Yiyin, and then died. Shortly after, then-Later Tang emperor Li Congke commissioned Li Yiyin as the military governor of Dingnan. In 943—by which time Later Tang had fallen and its former territory was reigned by the Later Jin's emperor Shi Chonggui—there was a plot for an uprising against Li Yiyin's rule, from within Dingnan itself, led by the commander of the headquarters guards, Tuoba Chongbin (拓跋崇斌). Also part of the plot was Li Yimin (李彝敏) the prefect of Sui Prefecture (綏州, in modern Yulin, part of Dingnan).