Marhaenism

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Marhaenism (Indonesian: Marhaenisme [marhaenˈɪsmə]) is a socialistic political ideology originated and developed by the first President of Indonesia, Sukarno. It was developed from the ideas of Marxism applied according to the nature and culture of Indonesia, or simply described as "Marxism adapted to Indonesian conditions". Marhaenism is a variant of Marxism but emphasizes national unity, culture, collectivist economics, and democratic rights and condemns liberalism and individualism. It was established as an anticapitalist and anti-imperialist ideology. Marhaenism was the guiding ideology of the Indonesian National Party. It also was a major influence on left-wing nationalism taking hold in neighbouring Malaya, such as the espousals of Parti Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya and later Parti Rakyat — both founded by Ahmad Boestamam.