MTV-82

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MTV-82 (Russian: МТВ-82, with МТВ standing for Московский Трамвай, Moskovskiy Tramvay, 'Moscow Tramway') is a Soviet four-axle tramcar. The first prototype of the MTV-82 tramcar was built at Military Factory No. 82 (from which the 82 in the model name is derived) in 1946. Mass production started in 1947 in Factory No. 82, and it was transferred to Rīgas Vagonbūves Rūpnīca (RVR; Russian: Рижский Вагонный Завод, РВЗ) in 1949. In 1961 mass production of MTV-82 in Riga ceased, with production switching to its direct successor, the RVZ-6 tramcar. In total, Factory No. 82 and RVR produced 453 and 1707 MTV-82s respectively. Up to 1983, these tramcars ran in many Soviet cities and towns, for example in Moscow, Kyiv, Gorky, Sverdlovsk, and Vladivostok. The Soviet tram drivers and repairmen liked the MTV-82 very much for its simplicity, reliability and durability. Most MTV-82s were in operable state before scrapping, but renovation of Soviet trams was fatal for many types of "old-fashioned" Soviet tramcars (see also LM-49).