Ramses (spacecraft)

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Ramses (Rapid Apophis Mission for Space Safety) is a future European-Japanese planetary defense mission to the near-Earth asteroid (99942) Apophis, led by the European Space Agency (ESA). It is expected to be launched between mid April and mid May 2028 and to arrive at Apophis in February 2029 before its closest approach to Earth. It will conduct measurements of the asteroid's properties before and during the Earth flyby to study its response to the close encounter with the planet. At the asteroid, Ramses will deploy two smaller CubeSats. Ramses will leverage much of the technology developed for the Hera mission. In July 2024, ESA's Space Safety Programme has received permission to begin preparatory work for Ramses. The project has been awarded 1.5 million euros for the preparations and in October 2024, ESA signed a contract with OHB Italia SpA for preliminary work on the mission. ESA also unveiled the official mission patch. In July 2024, India expressed interest on developing an instrument for Ramses. In 2024, DLR proposed including a mini-rover in the Ramses mission: MASCOT3 (or BASTET), similar to the MASCOT rover which flew on Hayabusa2.