Shabuhragan

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The Shabuhragan (Persian: شاپورگان, romanized: Shāpuragān), Persian for "dedicated to Šābuhr", was a sacred book of Manichaeism authored by the religion's founder, Mani (c. 210–276 CE), originally in Middle Persian, and dedicated to Shapur I (c. 215–272 CE), the contemporary king of the Sasanian Empire. This book is listed as one of the seven treatises of Manichaeism in Arabic historical sources, but it is not among the seven treatises in the Manichaean account itself. The book was designed to present to Shapur an outline of Mani's new religion, which united elements from Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Buddhism. The Middle Persian term for "Shabuhragan" is dw bwn wzrg'y š'bwhrg'n (lit. 'The Two Sutras Dedicated to Shabur'). The Chinese translation is abbreviated as The Text of Two Principles (Chinese: 二宗经; pinyin: Èrzōng jīng). Mani wrote this book in Middle Persian and presented it to Shapur I, the Sasanian Emperor, as an outline of the teachings of Manichaeism. In this book, Mani described his religion as the perfection and continuation of other existing religions, and called himself the "Sealed Prophet": Throughout the generations, the apostles of God have never ceased to bring wisdom and work here. Thus, they came in one age through the Apostle Buddha into the countries of India; in another, through the apostle Zoroaster into Persia; and in another, through Jesus Christ into the West. After that, in this last age, the revelation came, which was prophesied to come to Babylon through Myself, Mani, the apostle of the true God. Original Middle Persian fragments were discovered at Turpan, and quotations were brought in Arabic by al-Biruni: The surviving fragments of the Shabuhragan focus on Manichaean eschatology. When the end of the world comes, the God of the wise world, Jesus, comes and performs the final judgment, separating the sinners from the...