Sima Ying

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Sima Ying (司馬穎) (279 – c.December 306), courtesy name Zhangdu (章度), was a Jin dynasty imperial prince who served briefly as his half-brother Emperor Hui of Jin's regent and crown prince. He was the sixth of eight princes commonly associated with the War of the Eight Princes. His title was the Prince of Chengdu (成都王), but he did not receive any posthumous names. During Empress Jia Nanfeng's rule behind the throne, Sima Ying was assigned to guard the important city of Ye in Hebei. He formed a coalition with the Prince of Qi, Sima Jiong and the Prince of Hejian, Sima Yong to overthrow the usurper Sima Lun and restore Emperor Hui in 301. As the last of his half-brother's male descendants died, he developed ambitions to install himself as crown prince. He allied himself with Sima Yong to gain control of Emperor Hui from Sima Jiong and later the Prince of Changsha, Sima Ai, eventually succeeding in 304. However, he was soon attacked by the Prince of Donghai, Sima Yue and his allies, forcing him to abandon his power base and seek refuge with Sima Yong. Under Sima Yong, he was stripped of his title as crown prince and reduced to a mere general. He attempted to flee back to Hebei in 306, but was captured and executed. Despite his ambitions and ruthlessness towards his half-brothers, Emperor Hui and Sima Ai, he was also popular among the people of Hebei for his benevolent rule. After his death, the rebels, Gongshi Fan and Ji Sang rose up in Hebei against Sima Yue, using the pretext of avenging the late prince to win the support of the populace.