Transjordan (region)

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Transjordan, also known as the East Bank or the Transjordanian Highlands (Arabic: شرق الأردن, romanized: Sharq al ʾUrdun, lit. 'East of the Jordan'), is the part of the Southern Levant east of the Jordan River, mostly contained in present-day Jordan. The region known as Transjordan has been controlled by numerous empires and states throughout history, including the Nabataean Kingdom, which established its capital at Petra. During the early modern period, the region of Transjordan was under the jurisdiction of Ottoman Syrian provinces. After the Great Arab Revolt against Ottoman rule during the 1910s, the Emirate of Transjordan was established in 1921 by Hashemite Emir Abdullah, becoming a British protectorate. In 1946, the emirate achieved independence from the British, and in 1949 changed its name to the "Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan", following the Jordanian annexation of the West Bank after the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.