Ursus thibetanus laniger

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The Himalayan black bear (Ursus thibetanus laniger) is a subspecies of the Asian black bear. It is distinguished from U. t. thibetanus by its longer, thicker fur and smaller, whiter chest mark. The species is considered an ecological indicator and a keystone species of the environment. The species plays a vital role as a primary seed disperser in maintaining the stability of the ecosystem. On average, they measure from 140–170 cm (56–65 in) nose to tail and weigh from 91 to 120 kilograms (200 to 265 lb), though they may weigh as much as 180 kilograms (400 pounds) in the fall, when they are fattening up for hibernation. The Himalayan black bear is typically nocturnal and elusive, although it has been observed during the day. It hibernates throughout the winter in the northwestern Himalayas, while it is usually active during the entire year in the eastern Himalayas.