Varuni

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Varuni (Sanskrit: वारुणी, romanized: Vāruṇī) is the goddess-personification of alcoholic beverages and intoxication in Hinduism. The drink named Varuni is generally described as a fragrant wine made from date palm, but the goddess Varuni is associated with all intoxicating beverages. Commonly described as the daughter of Varuna (the god of water) and his wife Jyeshtha, Varuni emerges during the Samudra Manthana (churning of the ocean), bringing the drink with herself and chooses the companionship of either the Devas or the Asuras, depending on the text. In the Vaishnava tradition, Varuni as the intoxication-goddess is depicted offering wine to the deity Balarama. The term Varuni is also sometimes used to denote to Varuna's wife. When both a wife and a daughter of Varuna are attested in a text, they are distinguished by naming conventions: when the daughter—who is the goddess of wine—is referred to as Varuni, the wife is called Varunani; and when the wife is named Varuni, the daughter is called by the common term for liquor—Surā. In the goddess orient Shakta sect of Hinduism, Varuni is also the name of a Matrika—personification of Varuna's energy. In its earliest and literal sense, Varuni (Vāruṇī) denotes a type of strong, spirituous liquor. According to traditional lexicons and classical commentaries, Varuni is a fermented beverage typically prepared from the sap or juice of the date palm (Phoenix sylvestris) and the palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer). It is considered more potent and prized than sura, a rice-based liquor, and is referred to in texts such as the Varuṇi Jātaka as a superior form of alcohol.