Yi Ko

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Yi Ko (Korean: 이고; Hanja: 李高; ?–1171) was a military ruler in Korea. During the reign of King Uijong, when the Mushin Rebellion occurred, widespread dissatisfaction had grown among military officials, soldiers, and even common farmers due to the contradictions within the socio-economic system of early Goryeo. In 1170 (24th year of King Uijong's reign), when the king made a royal procession to Hwapyeongjae (和平齋), Yi Ko, who held the rank of Sanwon (a minor court official), expressed his intention to stage an uprising to General Chŏng Chungbu, together with Yi Ŭibang. He gained Chŏng’s agreement. However, they did not carry out the uprising at Hwapyeongjae. Later, they planned that if the king moved from Yeonbokjeong (延福亭) to Bohyeonwon (普賢院) in Jangdan, Gyeonggi Province, instead of returning to the palace, they would launch the revolt. They made this agreement with Chŏng Chungbu. As fate would have it, the king’s procession did move to Bohyeonwon. At the Five Gates (오문), the king, intending to appease the military officials, ordered a hand-to-hand combat performance (오병수박희). When General Yi So-eung (이소응) lost and fled from the match, a young civil official, Han Rae (한뢰), struck him in the face, knocking him down the stairs. Witnessing this, Yi Ko drew his sword in fury, intending to begin the rebellion immediately, but was dissuaded by Chŏng Chungbu. As evening fell and the royal carriage passed through the gates, the rebellion was launched. Yi Ko and his allies killed all the civil officials who had accompanied the king and stormed the palace and the Crown Prince’s residence, killing over 50 civil officials. The king, gripped by fear, appointed Yi Ko as Jungnangjang (中郞將), a middle-ranking commander of the Royal Dragon and Tiger Guard (응양용호군 鷹揚龍虎軍). However, Yi Ko soon joined Chŏng Chungbu and Yi Ŭibang in...