Bowser

Bowser (Japanese: クッパ, Hepburn: Kuppa; "Koopa"), also occasionally referred to as Lord Bowser, King Bowser, King Koopa, Koopa, or King of the Koopas, is a character and the main antagonist of Nintendo's Mario franchise. In Japan, his title is established as Daimaō (大魔王; "Great Demon King"). He is the arch-nemesis of Mario, and the leader of the Koopa clan. Depicted as a fire-breathing monster with a tyrannical personality, Bowser's ultimate goals are to kidnap Princess Peach and conquer the Mushroom Kingdom. Bowser debuted as Mario's opponent in the 1985 video game Super Mario Bros. Designer Shigeru Miyamoto initially conceived him as an ox based on the Ox-King as depicted in the Toei Animation film Alakazam the Great. However, Takashi Tezuka remarked that the character should look more like a turtle, leading artist Yōichi Kotabe to redesign Bowser as the leader of the turtle-like Koopas. Since 2005, Bowser has been primarily voiced by Kenny James. Following Super Mario Bros., Bowser has appeared in various genres, including role-playing games like Paper Mario and Mario & Luigi, sports games such as Mario Kart and Mario Tennis, and fighting games like Super Smash Bros. He has appeared in multiple animations, including three series produced by DIC Entertainment (voiced by Harvey Atkin) and was portrayed by Dennis Hopper in the 1993 Super Mario Bros. film. Jack Black voiced him in The Super Mario Bros. Movie (2023) and The Super Mario Galaxy Movie (2026). Bowser has received a mostly positive reception, with critics noting that he is one of the most iconic and recognizable video game villains. He was crowned the greatest video game villain of all time by the Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition.