Su Qin

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Su Qin (?–284 BCE) was a Chinese political consultant and philosopher who was an influential political strategist during the Warring States period. He was born in Chengxuan Village, Luoyang, in present-day Henan Province. According to legend Su Qin was a disciple of Guiguzi, one of the major adherents of the School of Diplomacy. He was the chief advocate of the "Vertical Alliance" (Chinese: 合纵; pinyin: Hézòng, which sought to create an alliance of the other states against the state of Qin. At his most brilliant, Su Qin persuaded the leaders of the six kingdoms of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei to unite against the Qin state through the use of his splendid rhetoric and thereafter wore robes decorated with the insignia of the six states. The opposing theory, "Horizontal Alliance" (Chinese: 連横; pinyin: Líanhéng) promoted by Zhang Yi, supported bilateral alliances with Qin. The allies of the Vertical Alliance advanced on the State of Qin but were easily defeated due to internal discord between the former enemies. One theory suggests that Su Qin and Zhang Yi mutually reinforced each other's viewpoints in order to achieve their personal goals.